FROM BONDAGE TO FREEDOM
each his own song
FROM BONDAGE TO FREEDOM
each his own song
BELOVED MASTER,
I LOVE THE DIFFERENT MEANINGS OF THE WORD "THERAPY." ITS GREEK ROOT,
THERAPEUEIN, SHOWS THE SOCRATIC APPROACH TO EDUCATING A HUMAN BEING.
THERAPEUEIN MEANS: ACCOMPANYING THE OTHER, TAKING HIM SERIOUSLY, LISTENING
TO HIM PATIENTLY, HELPING HIM TO UNDERSTAND, AND ABOVE ALL, BOWING DOWN IN
REVERENCE TO THE OTHER PERSON'S GODLINESS. HOW COME ALL WESTERN
PSYCHOTHERAPY AND EDUCATION SEEM OBLIVIOUS TO THEIR CULTURAL ROOTS? INSTEAD,
THEY KEEP CIRCLING IN THE THIN AIR OF DEDUCTIVE ANALYSIS AND PROVEN
SYMPTOMS.
PLEASE SPEAK ABOUT YOUR VISION OF SPIRITUAL THERAPY AS A MEANS OF SHOWING
PEOPLE THE BEAUTY OF THEIR INDEPENDENCE AND ALONENESS, THE LOVINGNESS OF
THEIR VERY BEING.
It is one of the misfortunes that Socrates has not really been the source
of Western thinking and philosophy. Socrates was not in any way Western.
Spiritually he belongs to the East, and that was the trouble, the reason
that the Greek people could not tolerate him. He was poisoned, killed. His
poisoning not only killed him physically, it also cut him away from the
Western development of thinking.
The Western attitude developed, not out of Socrates, but out of Aristotle.
Aristotle, in a way -- apparently -- is the disciple of Plato, and Plato was
the disciple of Socrates. But intellectually Aristotle is just the contrary
of Socrates.
Socrates is a mystic -- not believing in God, not believing in any belief,
not teaching an organized religion; but on the contrary giving absolute
importance to the individual, and helping the individual to find his own
life source. That is the true therapy. "To know thyself" is the condensed
meaning of therapy. The function of the therapist is not to teach you who
you are, but to create situations in which you start discovering yourself.
The first condition is creating self-respect in you -- which all the
religions are against. They all condemn you. They create a sense of guilt,
and that is a wound that goes on growing within you. Whatever you do,
something is wrong in it. You can never fulfill the expectations of others
for the simple reason that you have a unique individuality. And that was the
basic approach of Socrates -- the uniqueness of the individual; each one has
to discover his own truth.
The function of the teacher, of the master, of the therapist, of the
educationist, is to create just the right atmosphere so that you gain
self-respect, and to give you an acquaintance with the methods for going
inwards.
All educational systems take you outwards. Listening to the person -- it
will look strange, because the teacher's function is to make you listen to
him. The Socratic method is listening to the person respectfully, patiently,
so that he can open up. He need not repress anything, he need not inhibit
anything; he can be utterly naked and yet remain dignified.
If a therapist can do that -- help a man to be utterly nude, open, with no
secret, hiding nothing -- the therapist has succeeded, because in this
nudity one realizes one's innocence. One is born again. This nudity is
symbolic. Just as a child is born nude, you are born again -- now
spiritually nude.
Socrates was punished because he was teaching the truth. He had a school --
that was his commune -- where the whole function was to be respectful to
everyone who comes to the school and help him uncondition himself, deprogram
himself so he becomes again an innocent child.
Socrates has nothing to teach. He simply cleans you and leaves you to
yourself, to grow according to your own potential. He does not give you even
any guideline, because nobody knows what is hidden in your seed, what kind
of flower is going to blossom in you. All guidelines are dangerous -- they
may distract you from becoming yourself.
This was his crime, and he was dragged to the court. The crime was: "You
are spoiling the youth of Athens." Certainly, in the minds of the mob, he
was spoiling them. The mob wanted the people just to follow the well-trodden
path of their forefathers. And Socrates was teaching them to be themselves
and to find out the path on their own, with no scripture, no holy book, no
God, no guide. Socrates was taking all these things away from you,
unburdening you, making you a tabula rasa; nothing is written on you, and
you are free now to be whatsoever your nature intends to be. He leaves your
future open.
Naturally, the masses were against him. Their youth were being destroyed;
they were being taken away from the religion, the philosophy, the ideology
which had been followed for centuries. "They should carry it, it is their
inheritance" -- and Socrates was insisting that you are a totally new being,
with no inheritance.
Yes, a great potentiality is within you -- and it does not come from the
past. It is present in you, and it is going to blossom, and only then will
you know what you were supposed to be. Before it blossoms there is no way to
know it.
This was the crime: corrupting the youth. Socrates was punished with the
death penalty -- and by punishing Socrates, the West committed suicide. It
was not the death of Socrates, it was the death of the most important
insight into human beings. The West moved farther and farther away from
man's inner being; it became more and more head-oriented.
And because Socrates was punished by death, Plato changed the strategy. He
wrote down everything that Socrates had said -- and humanity will remain
always grateful to Plato -- but he changed the whole methodology. He was not
so great a man as his master. He opened another school he called "The
Academy," where he was teaching the old ways, the traditional ways, the
conventional ways, and people were happy. Nobody was against Plato.
Aristotle was Plato's disciple -- he went still farther away.
The death of Socrates created a stoppage to the inner growth of man in the
West. Aristotle is the father of Western logic, philosophy, analysis. He has
been respected for two thousand years. Socrates is also given respect, but
nobody makes any effort to revive his school.
The meaning of therapy is certainly of great importance, but it is only
significant in its Greek origins if you go to Socrates. But the therapy that
is prevalent in the world today has nothing to do with Socrates. You will
not find even the name of Socrates mentioned in any book on psychology,
psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, psychiatry. All these have evolved since
Sigmund Freud.
Sigmund Freud is Aristotelian. He believes in analysis, he believes in
dividing things into black and white, right and wrong, good and bad, life
and death -- clear-cut divisions. According to Aristotle, A is A, B is B. A
cannot be B, B cannot be A -- a clear-cut division.
It is not so with the mystics. In the East, analysis has never developed.
And if Socrates had not been destroyed and his school had not been
destroyed, there would have been in the West also, instead of
psychoanalysis, far more important therapeutic methods.
In the East, black and white are not two, darkness and light are not two.
The darkness is simply less light -- the difference is of degrees, not of
polarities -- the light is less darkness. And it is very existential. There
are birds, animals who see in the night. When it is night for you, it is day
for them; when it is day for you, it is night for them. Their eyes are
attuned in a different way: they can see in darkness. That means darkness is
not darkness, just for you it is darkness; it is below the range of your
eyesight.
Too much light you also cannot see; then it is dazzling. Look at the sun
sometime -- you cannot see. The sun is light, but you start feeling
darkness; what has happened? You can even go blind; it is too much, it is
far above your small range of vision. Below is darkness, above is again
darkness; light is only in a small range. But there are other animals whose
range of seeing is different. And it is understandable....
Take something easier: hot and cold. Are they opposites? They are not. Hot
simply means less cold; cold simply means less hot. That's why, with one
thermometer, you can know both. How many degrees is the hot water and how
many degrees is the cold water -- one thermometer can show you both. That
means the difference is only of degrees -- the same thermometer shows you
different degrees. Life and death are also not polar opposites.
In the East Aristotle is laughed at, because the East thinks in a totally
different way: no opposites, everything is complementary. Hence the question
of analysis does not arise. What is significant is synthesis, not analysis,
and the East has done tremendous work in synthesis. That's what Socrates was
trying to do. He was bringing the East to the West.
On my dining table I have a small statue somebody has sent to me. It is an
ancient statue, it has existed in the East almost for seven thousand years.
It is a statue which is half-man, half-woman.
Only in this century one man, Carl Gustav Jung, who had traveled widely in
the East... he was really disturbed because he could see where the West had
gone wrong. Aristotle is the point from which the West separates from the
East and takes a route of analysis. Seeing this statue, he managed to work
upon his patients and figure out that every man is both man and woman. And
so is the case with woman, she is both woman and man.
Man and woman are two sides of one coin. One side is showing, the other
side is hidden. If you are a man, your feminine side is hidden -- but it is
there, and it affects your life. It is better to recognize it, understand
it. It is better to come to a synthesis between man and woman. Drop the
Aristotelian idea that man is man, woman is woman, A is A, B is B; no, A is
both, B is both. All contradictions have to be brought into a synthetic,
organic unity.
But because Aristotle has remained a tremendous influence on Western
thinking, Sigmund Freud created psychoanalysis; man's mind has to be
analyzed. There are millions of psychotherapists around the earth today, and
this is the most highly-paid profession. And there is not even a single
person in the whole world who is fully psychoanalyzed, the very effort is
impossible.
You go on analyzing, and the mind goes on creating new thoughts, new
dreams, new projections, new illusions. There is no end to it; there are
people who have been in psychoanalysis for fifteen years and they have
reached nowhere. Yes, they have given a large amount of money to the
psychoanalyst, thinking that when analysis is complete they will be again
healthy and whole. But the psychoanalysis can never be complete. The very
effort is directed into a wrong dimension.
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Psychosynthesis can be complete. And psychosynthesis should work
differently. There is one Italian psychologist, Assagioli, who has created a
philosophy of psychosynthesis against Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis. But
the unfortunate part is that it is still within the framework of
Aristotelian logic.
Psychoanalysis is one polarity, psychosynthesis is the opposite of it --
the same game, just the names are different. Assagioli is using a better
name, but it is not of any help.
Socrates has to be revived again, Aristotle has to be removed. And that's
what I am doing here: bringing Socrates back to life -- because Socrates is
essentially the East, where analysis has never existed -- nobody has ever
thought about it -- where organic unity has always been the goal to be
achieved.
So if a man is sick, that simply means that religions, cultures,
civilizations have made him split, they have divided him. They have told him
the body is separate, the soul is separate; matter is separate, the spirit
is separate; this world is separate, that world is separate; materialism and
spiritualism are enemies.
I call the new man Zorba the Buddha, for the simple reason that to me
materialism and spiritualism are not separate, they are inseparable. The
moment you make them separate, you make humanity sick. And all analysis is
separation, division.
There is no need -- you are already existing in unity, your body and your
soul are existing together in tremendous harmony. But if you are being told
to be against the body, fight the body, control the body, inhibit the
desires of the body, then naturally you are going to become schizophrenic.
And the whole of humanity is in that situation.
Everybody who belongs to any organized religion is schizophrenic, he is not
whole. And unless you are whole, you can never be holy. None of your saints
are holy, because they have missed the basic thing -- they are not whole.
They have chosen a part, and they have destroyed other parts of their being.
They are partial.
And man is not a machine. You can function only in your wholeness; that is
health. You cannot function if you are against your own body, your own
sensuality, sexuality, your own taste, desire for comfort, for luxury. If
you are against all these things, then you can live only a very partial
life. And that partial life cannot be of joy, cannot be of laughter. It will
be so crippled you cannot dance, and it will be so dead you cannot sing.
You can see your religious people, you can see your so-called saints --
they have lost all that is significant and beautiful. And the reason is,
they are dividing themselves against themselves. They are creating a hell;
they are miserable, they are suffering. But there is a motivation behind it:
that the suffering is only for a few years. After death they will enjoy;
everything that they have not enjoyed in life, they will be enjoying in
paradise.
You just look at the ideas of paradise in different religions and you can
know what those religions are depriving their people of. You need not know
what they are depriving them of; just look at their idea of paradise. For
example, the Mohammedan paradise has rivers of wine. You can, without any
hesitation, conclude that Mohammedanism must be depriving people of wine;
otherwise, there is no need for rivers of wine -- bottles are enough. But
they are not enough for saints. Saints have been depriving themselves for
their whole life, and if they get just bottles in reward, then what is the
point of being deprived of bottles on the earth? They were available here.
You have to give a bigger reward.
You will be surprised: in the Mohammedan paradise there are beautiful women
whose age is always sixteen. How long they have been sixteen nobody knows.
On the earth also, women have a little habit of getting stuck, but not such
a habit -- for eternity stuck at sixteen! But you have to think of the poor
saints, you have to provide them with the most beautiful women. If saints
reach there and find women who are eternally old, that will not be a reward,
that will be a punishment! The logic is simple.
In Mohammedan countries, homosexuality is punished with death. Not a small
punishment -- three years in jail, five years in jail, ten years in jail --
no, just death. But in the Mohammedan paradise, young and beautiful boys are
available for the saints.
These are your religions. Homosexuality is available: here it is punished
with death, and there saints are rewarded with young, beautiful boys who
will remain always young and always beautiful. This is the outcome of
dividing man against his own body, against his own nature.
Therapy is not psychoanalysis -- I mean, my therapy is not psychoanalysis.
My therapy is psychosynthesis, but not that of Assagioli. Assagioli's
psychosynthesis is very poor; it is just a reaction against Sigmund Freud.
It has no true and authentic vision of synthesis itself. He is just fighting
an argument against analysis; it is argumentative, it is still Aristotelian.
My synthesis is not against Sigmund Freud's analysis; on the contrary, it
includes it, it is inclusive of Sigmund Freud's analysis. Then it is true
synthesis. Do you see the difference? Assagioli is against Sigmund Freud --
again the division. Sigmund Freud has to be wrong, Assagioli has to be
right.
My psychosynthesis is big enough: it includes Sigmund Freud, he is not to
be left out. Then it is non-Aristotelian, then it is organic. We accept his
contribution. We don't stop at that, we go far ahead of him, but whatever he
has done can be accepted in the right context and it melts into the organic
unity of therapy.
Yes, therapy is hearing the patient, respecting the patient, accepting
whatever he is, giving him encouragement to be himself, destroying the idea
of becoming somebody else, helping him to stand on his own feet, helping him
to drop all divisions between materialism and spiritualism, making him an
organic unity, an orchestra. Then life is a benediction. Out of this
orchestra will arise what I call religiousness -- the fragrance, the song,
the music -- but it will be total. It will have all the ingredients that
constitute you, it will have all the instruments that nature has given to
you.
It will not be just a harp, angels playing on it, "Alleluia, alleluia."
That is boring. And just think of those poor angels -- for eternity they
have been playing on those harps, the same "Alleluia." Perhaps they have
completely forgotten what it means. Perhaps it has become just a robotlike
habit. They cannot stop, they have become mechanical; doing something for
eternity, it is bound to happen. And they are going to do it in the future
also for eternity. Can you think of a worse punishment? And these poor
angels have done no harm to anybody.
No, just a harp is poor when man can become the whole orchestra -- all the
instruments possible. Life is the art of arranging all the instruments of
your being into an orchestra. Of course, each individual will have his own
song and his own music, but that makes life rich, that makes this earth
immensely valuable. Everybody is contributing something to its beauty and
its blessings.
Therapy is not only for people who are insane. Therapy is for everybody,
because humanity's past has driven almost everybody to a certain degree of
insanity. If they are normally mad people then there is no problem, nobody
takes note of them. If they are abnormally mad people, then you start taking
note of them. And all your psychologists are doing only one work: making the
abnormally mad people, normally mad. They are not restoring health.
In India, I was in a university for nine years. Hundreds of professors...
it was the hottest place, exactly in the middle of India, and still those
idiots were using ties. I asked them, "Are you mad or something? These ties
are for cold countries, so no air enters. But here, you need some air."
This is just normal insanity: in a hot country in summer they are using
shirts, coats, ties, socks, boots -- and dying within them, boiling, and
they were worried about my sanity, because I used to wear a wraparound lungi
in the university and just a very thin shawl around my shoulders, half the
body open.
When I first entered the university with such a dress, the vice-chancellor
said to me, "Are you going to come every day with this dress?"
I said, "If the sun is going to remain the same, I can come even without a
dress. It is just out of consideration for you idiots that I am wearing this
thin cloth; otherwise, my body is saying 'Throw it away! It is so hot!'"
The vice-chancellor said, "Wait... don't...! It is perfectly good, you can
come in this dress, but don't do anything more!"
I said, "Then never ask about my dress. You are all insane! I know you have
been educated in Oxford, but I don't consider you literate. The dress that
you are using was perfectly good in Oxford, but not here. And if you don't
have that much intelligence to choose the right dress, then I don't consider
you have intelligence at all."
Every professor who met me would look first at my dress, and I would say,
"Yes? Start asking -- but remember that what I am doing is exactly the right
thing in this climate. And what you are doing is just insane. Do you want to
commit suicide, or what? You are perspiring, your whole body is perspiring;
you are stinking of perspiration. I am the only person whose body is getting
air, is not perspiring. And I am able to throw off this dress any moment,
and have a shower right here in the university."
Soon they became silent. They would look at my dress but avoid talking
about it. These are normally mad people. Just one step more and they will
become abnormal; then the function of the psychologist is to bring them to
their normal state.
This is not the function of my therapies. My therapies want you to be a
whole, organic being -- intelligent, undivided, and living your life with
intensity and totality; with no fear of any hell, no greed for any paradise;
respecting yourself, not condemning, accepting yourself as you are.
If existence accepts you, what more certificates do you need? The sun does
not reject you. The moon does not reject you. The stars are perfectly happy
with you; the flowers perfectly enjoy you as you are. The whole existence
accepts you.
Just be a little kind to yourself, and there will be no need of any
psychologists. There will be no need of anybody to bring you back to your
innocence, to your real being. You have been born with it, it is your
birthright to live it.
Question 2
BELOVED MASTER,
YOU WERE TALKING ABOUT ONE WORLD AND ONE WORLD GOVERNMENT. RECENTLY
PRESIDENT REAGAN REFUSED TO ACCEPT THE AUTHORITY OF THE WORLD COURT ON
POLITICAL ISSUES. CAN POLITICIANS EVER BECOME CONTEMPORARY?
No. Politicians can never become contemporary; politics itself is out of
date. Politicians no longer have any function; they are unnecessarily
bothering the whole humanity. It is time for them to disappear as
politicians. They are acceptable as plumbers, as electricians, as pilots, as
truckdrivers. But as politicians they are no longer needed.
And if President Reagan refuses to accept the World Court's decisions about
political matters, he is showing his real face. His mask has slipped. The
World Court has the right to decide about every issue that concerns
humanity. Politics cannot be above law. His refusal to accept it simply
means that he is not ready to create, on this planet, a beautiful global
village.
Nations are no longer needed; they are absolutely unnecessary and harmful.
But the politicians will lose all their egos if nations disappear. Then what
is President Reagan going to do? Go back to Hollywood? And he was not a
great actor either, just a third-class cowboy actor -- he can become one
again.
He had a chimpanzee as his friend.... One is known by the company he keeps!
Question 3
BELOVED MASTER,
IS THERE A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WATCHING AND WITNESSING?
There is a difference. You watch television, you don't witness it. But,
while watching television, if you start witnessing yourself watching
television, then there are two processes going on: you are watching
television, and something within you is witnessing the process of watching
television. Witnessing is deeper, far deeper. It is not equivalent to
watching. Watching is superficial.
So remember that meditation is witnessing.
Otherwise, there are the "One Thousand Friends of Oregon," who call
themselves "watchdogs" -- they will all become enlightened! And I don't
think you have heard the word "witnessdogs." Nothing like that exists.
Watchdogs are possible, watching can be done even by dogs. Witnessing is a
very deep and higher quality only man is capable of.
Question 4
BELOVED MASTER,
IT IS HILARIOUS WHEN YOU TELL THE STORY OF MOSES LEADING HIS PEOPLE THROUGH
THE DESERT FOR FORTY YEARS, AND YOU SAY, "AND MOSES GOT SO-O-O TIRED...."
BELOVED MASTER, DON'T YOU EVER GET SO-O-O TIRED OF TRAVELING WITH US CAMELS
THROUGH THE DESERT OF OUR THOUGHTS AND GREEDS AND FEARS, BLINDED WITH THE
SAND OF OUR OPINIONS AND PREJUDICES?
I have something in common with poor Moses. He ended finally in a desert,
and I have also landed finally in a desert. And I am really so tired...!
Okay?
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